Climber Ateml Programming

#include < io.h > // snag stuff we need int main(void) // always have to have a place to start { long x, y; // couple of 32 bit variables* outp(_BV(DDB1), DDRB); // set PB1 (pin 15) as output while (1) // do it forever { cbi(PORTB, PB1); // set PB1 to "low" (LED ON) for (x=0; x < 100000; x++) y-; // simple wait loop sbi(PORTB, PB1); // set PB1 to "HIGH" (LED OFF) for (x=0; x < 100000; x++) y-; // simple wait loop } }

avr-objdump -S r.out r.out: file format elf32-avr Disassembly of section .text: 00000000 <__vectors>: 0: 12 c0 rjmp .+36 ; 0x26 2: 2b c0 rjmp .+86 ; 0x5a 4: 2a c0 rjmp .+84 ; 0x5a 6: 29 c0 rjmp .+82 ; 0x5a 8: 28 c0 rjmp .+80 ; 0x5a a: 27 c0 rjmp .+78 ; 0x5a c: 26 c0 rjmp .+76 ; 0x5a e: 25 c0 rjmp .+74 ; 0x5a 10: 24 c0 rjmp .+72 ; 0x5a 12: 23 c0 rjmp .+70 ; 0x5a 14: 22 c0 rjmp .+68 ; 0x5a 16: 21 c0 rjmp .+66 ; 0x5a 18: 20 c0 rjmp .+64 ; 0x5a 1a: 1f c0 rjmp .+62 ; 0x5a 1c: 1e c0 rjmp .+60 ; 0x5a 1e: 1d c0 rjmp .+58 ; 0x5a 20: 1c c0 rjmp .+56 ; 0x5a 22: 1b c0 rjmp .+54 ; 0x5a 24: 1a c0 rjmp .+52 ; 0x5a 00000026 <__ctors_end>: 26: 11 24 eor r1, r1 28: 1f be out 0x3f, r1 ; 63 2a: cf e5 ldi r28, 0x5F ; 95 2c: d4 e0 ldi r29, 0x04 ; 4 2e: de bf out 0x3e, r29 ; 62 30: cd bf out 0x3d, r28 ; 61 00000032 <__do_copy_data>: 32: 10 e0 ldi r17, 0x00 ; 0 34: a0 e6 ldi r26, 0x60 ; 96 36: b0 e0 ldi r27, 0x00 ; 0 38: e2 e9 ldi r30, 0x92 ; 146 3a: f0 e0 ldi r31, 0x00 ; 0 3c: 02 c0 rjmp .+4 ; 0x42 0000003e <.do_copy_data_loop>: 3e: 05 90 lpm r0, Z+ 40: 0d 92 st X+, r0 00000042 <.do_copy_data_start>: 42: a0 36 cpi r26, 0x60 ; 96 44: b1 07 cpc r27, r17 46: d9 f7 brne .-10 ; 0x3e 00000048 <__do_clear_bss>: 48: 10 e0 ldi r17, 0x00 ; 0 4a: a0 e6 ldi r26, 0x60 ; 96 4c: b0 e0 ldi r27, 0x00 ; 0 4e: 01 c0 rjmp .+2 ; 0x52 00000050 <.do_clear_bss_loop>: 50: 1d 92 st X+, r1 00000052 <.do_clear_bss_start>: 52: a0 36 cpi r26, 0x60 ; 96 54: b1 07 cpc r27, r17 56: e1 f7 brne .-8 ; 0x50 58: 01 c0 rjmp .+2 ; 0x5c 0000005a <__bad_interrupt>: 5a: d2 cf rjmp .-92 ; 0x0 0000005c

: #include // snag stuff we need int main(void) // always have to have a place to start { 5c: cf e5 ldi r28, 0x5F ; 95 5e: d4 e0 ldi r29, 0x04 ; 4 60: de bf out 0x3e, r29 ; 62 62: cd bf out 0x3d, r28 ; 61 long x, y; // couple of 32 bit variables* outp(_BV(DDB1), DDRB); // set PB1 (pin 15) as output 64: 82 e0 ldi r24, 0x02 ; 2 66: 87 bb out 0x17, r24 ; 23 while (1) // do it forever { cbi(PORTB, PB1); // set PB1 to "low" (LED ON) 68: c1 98 cbi 0x18, 1 ; 24 for (x=0; x < 100000; x++) y--; // simple wait loop 6a: 8f e9 ldi r24, 0x9F ; 159 6c: 96 e8 ldi r25, 0x86 ; 134 6e: a1 e0 ldi r26, 0x01 ; 1 70: b0 e0 ldi r27, 0x00 ; 0 72: 49 97 sbiw r24, 0x19 ; 25 74: a1 09 sbc r26, r1 76: b1 09 sbc r27, r1 78: b7 ff sbrs r27, 7 7a: fb cf rjmp .-10 ; 0x72 sbi(PORTB, PB1); // set PB1 to "HIGH" (LED OFF) 7c: c1 9a sbi 0x18, 1 ; 24 for (x=0; x < 100000; x++) y--; // simple wait loop 7e: 8f e9 ldi r24, 0x9F ; 159 80: 96 e8 ldi r25, 0x86 ; 134 82: a1 e0 ldi r26, 0x01 ; 1 84: b0 e0 ldi r27, 0x00 ; 0 86: 49 97 sbiw r24, 0x19 ; 25 88: a1 09 sbc r26, r1 8a: b1 09 sbc r27, r1 8c: b7 ff sbrs r27, 7 8e: fb cf rjmp .-10 ; 0x86 90: eb cf rjmp .-42 ; 0x68

// this here program is to set up an Atmel mega8L microcontroller to run // 4 debounced switches. It uses nearly every I/O line there is. // windows users just need to include < io.h > #include < inttypes.h > #include < avr/io.h > #define BOUNCEONTIME 60 // milliseconds after press we figure not bouncing #define BOUNCEOFFTIME 30 // milliseconds after release we figure not bouncing // these are the four states the switches can be in enum {OFF, BOUNCINGON, ON, BOUNCINGOFF}; int8_t switches[] = {OFF, OFF, OFF, OFF}, // start states for the switches bouncetimes[] = {0,0,0,0}, // time switch been bouncing toggles[] = {0,0,0,0}; // current switch toggle status //------------------------------------------------------------------------- void sendpulse(void) { // ain't done yet. } //------------------------------------------------------------------------- int ispressed(int8_t sw) // // this here function returns 1 if the switch sw is currently being // pressed. 0 if not. // // this here function returns true if the specified switch is on or not // DON'T FORGET! The switches are active low with pullups // { switch (sw) { case 0: return(!(PINB & _BV(PINB0))); case 1: return(!(PINB & _BV(PINB7))); case 2: return(!(PIND & _BV(PIND4))); case 3: return(!(PIND & _BV(PIND3))); } return 0; } //------------------------------------------------------------------------- void toggle(int8_t sw) // // this here function changes the state of the toggle output associated // with the switch { if (toggles[sw]) { toggles[sw] = 0; switch (sw) { case 0: cbi(PORTB, PB3); break; case 1: cbi(PORTC, PC0); break; case 2: cbi(PORTC, PC3); break; case 3: cbi(PORTD, PD2); break; } } else { toggles[sw] = 1; switch (sw) { case 0: sbi(PORTB, PB3); break; case 1: sbi(PORTC, PC0); break; case 2: sbi(PORTC, PC3); break; case 3: sbi(PORTD, PD2); break; } } } //------------------------------------------------------------------------- void turnon(int8_t sw) // // this here function is called when a switch that was considered off // now has the ON state. { toggle(sw); // toggles on swith pressed switch (sw) { case 0: sbi(PORTB, PB2); // turn on the momentary cbi(PORTB, PB1); // turn off the !momentary sendpulse(); break; case 1: sbi(PORTC, PC1); // turn on the momentary cbi(PORTC, PC2); // turn off the !momentary break; case 2: sbi(PORTC, PC4); // turn on the momentary cbi(PORTC, PC5); // turn off the !momentary break; case 3: sbi(PORTD, PD1); // turn on the momentary cbi(PORTD, PD0); // turn off the !momentary break; } } //------------------------------------------------------------------------- // // This here function is called when the switch was on and is now // considered off. // void turnoff(int8_t sw) { switch (sw) { case 0: cbi(PORTB, PB2); // turn off the momentary sbi(PORTB, PB1); // turn on the !momentary break; case 1: cbi(PORTC, PC1); // turn off the momentary sbi(PORTC, PC2); // turn on the !momentary break; case 2: cbi(PORTC, PC4); // turn off the momentary sbi(PORTC, PC5); // turn on the !momentary break; case 3: cbi(PORTD, PD1); // turn off the momentary sbi(PORTD, PD0); // turn on the !momentary break; } } //------------------------------------------------------------------------- int main (void) { uint16_t counter, // number of milliseconds passed for heartbeat loop; // wait loop variable uint8_t crap, // something to change for wait loop sw=0; // the switch number we are dealing with // configure port outputs outp((BV(DDB1) | BV(DDB2) | BV(DDB3) | BV(DDB4) | BV(DDB5) | BV(DDB6)),DDRB); outp((BV(DDC0) | BV(DDC1) | BV(DDC2) | BV(DDC3) | BV(DDC4) | BV(DDC5)), DDRC); outp((BV(DDD0) | BV(DDD1) | BV(DDD2)), DDRD); // turn on pull-up resistors and set ports that start high outp((BV(PB0) | BV(PB1) | BV(PB5) | BV(PB7)), PORTB); outp((BV(PC2) | BV(PC5)), PORTC); outp((BV(PD0) | BV(PD3) | BV(PD4) | BV(PD5) | BV(PD6) | BV(PD7)), PORTD); counter = 0; while (1) { for (loop=0; loop<1000; loop++) // decrement crap for something to do crap--; // waits one millisecond // toggle PB6 to show a heartbeat if (counter == 1000) sbi(PORTB, PB6); if (counter == 2000) { counter = 0; cbi(PORTB, PB6); } counter++; for (sw=0; sw <= 3; sw++) // loop through all four switches { if (ispressed(sw)) // check if switch pressed { switch(switches[sw]) // do something depending on current state { case OFF: // switch just pressed, wait to stop bouncing switches[sw] = BOUNCINGON; bouncetimes[sw] = 0; break; case BOUNCINGON: // still bouncing, check how long if (bouncetimes[sw] == BOUNCEONTIME) // bouncing finished, now ON { switches[sw] = ON; turnon(sw); } else bouncetimes[sw]++; // still bouncing, keep waiting break; case ON: break; // still holding button, we no care case BOUNCINGOFF: //bouncetimes[sw]++; break; } } else // switch is NOT being pressed switch (switches[sw]) { case ON: switches[sw] = BOUNCINGOFF; bouncetimes[sw] = 0; break; case BOUNCINGOFF: if (bouncetimes[sw] == BOUNCEOFFTIME) { switches[sw] = OFF; turnoff(sw); } else bouncetimes[sw]++; break; case BOUNCINGON: case OFF: break; } } } }